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Photo: George Chernilevsky, Public domain (via Wikimedia Commons)

Tinder Fungus

Fomes fomentarius

Also known as Hoof Fungus, Horse's Hoof Fungus, Amadou, Tinder Conk, Tinder Polypore

At a glance
Family
Polyporaceae (the polypore family)
Type
Perennial woody bracket fungus (polypore), not a flowering plant
Parts used
The fruiting body, or conk, especially its soft inner layer (trama), which is worked into felt-like amadou
Size
Hoof-shaped conks typically 5 to 45 cm (2 to 18 inches) across, thickening and growing a new layer each year they persist on the tree
Bloom
None, this is a fungus, it releases spores rather than flowering, mainly from its pale pore surface in the warmer months
Habitat
Dead, dying, or wounded hardwood trees, especially birch and beech, across temperate forests of Europe, North America, and Asia
Acquisition
Forage

Key benefits

Traditional wound-bleeding aid
Reliable natural fire starter
Long, slow, steady burn
Time-honored folk remedy

Traditional uses

Long before matches or gauze bandages existed, Fomes fomentarius was doing the work of both. Foragers across Europe, Asia, and North America learned to pound its soft inner flesh into a supple, felt-like material called amadou, prized for catching a spark and nursing it into flame, and for pressing against small wounds to help slow the bleeding. In parts of the Alps and the British Isles, dried pieces were also smoldered and held near sore joints in a practice much like moxibustion, an old comfort for aches on a cold, damp night. It traveled with hunters and healers alike, tucked into pouches as one of the most dependable tools the forest offered.

How to grow & use it

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Pairs well with
  • Yarrow
  • Plantain
  • Puffball
Substitutes
  • Puffball (Lycoperdon species)
  • Chaga (Inonotus obliquus)
Choose it when

When the old forest offers its quietest gift, a slow, steady ember and a soft wrap for a small wound.

Did you know?

When the 5,300 year old iceman known as Otzi was discovered in the Alps in 1991, he was carrying pieces of Fomes fomentarius among his gear, a find that pushed our knowledge of this fungus as a fire-and-first-aid companion all the way back to the Stone Age.

Safety

Fomes fomentarius is not toxic but is not a food either, its flesh is tough and essentially indigestible. Its historical uses as tinder or a wound dressing carry burn or infection risk and should be treated as folk history, not a substitute for medical care.