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Photo: Collage by en:User:MidgleyDJ, original images from Wikimedia commons (Image:Aloe_vera_offsets.jpg and Image:Aloe_vera_C.jpg), CC BY-SA 3.0 (via Wikimedia Commons)

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Aloe Vera

Aloe vera

Also known as True Aloe, Barbados Aloe, Medicinal Aloe, Plant of Immortality

At a glance
Family
Asphodelaceae (the asphodel family, once grouped with the lilies)
Type
Succulent perennial
Parts used
Inner leaf gel (fillet), leaf latex (sap, used with caution)
Size
12 to 24 inches tall, rosettes of thick gray-green leaves
Bloom
Tall spikes of tubular yellow to orange flowers, late winter into spring, mostly where grown outdoors in warm climates
Habitat
Native to the Arabian Peninsula, now naturalized across arid and tropical regions worldwide
Acquisition
Grow or buy

Key benefits

Soothes minor skin irritation
Moisturizes and softens skin
Supports occasional digestive comfort
Traditional first aid for burns

Traditional uses

Aloe vera has been treasured for thousands of years, its thick leaves broken open for the cool, clear gel inside. Egyptian healers called it the plant of immortality and it appears in the Ebers Papyrus, a medical text dating back over 3,500 years, while legend holds that Cleopatra and Nefertiti both used it in their beauty regimens. Greek physicians including Dioscorides praised it for wounds and skin complaints, and it holds a similarly deep place in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine, where it was valued for cooling and soothing the body. Across cultures and centuries, aloe earned its reputation the same way, as the plant reached for first when skin needed comfort.

Growing guide

Sun
Full sun outdoors, or a bright south-facing window indoors
Soil
Well-draining sandy or cactus potting mix; soggy soil is its enemy
Water
Deep but infrequent, letting the soil dry out completely between waterings
Planting
Grows readily from offsets, or pups, that form at the base of a mature plant; use a pot with generous drainage holes

Fresh to dried

Harvest
Cut a mature outer leaf close to the base, choosing thick, plump leaves from an established plant
Drying
Aloe is unusual among herbs in that it is almost never dried; its gel is prized fresh
Storage
Fresh gel keeps a few days refrigerated in a sealed container, or can be frozen in ice cube trays for longer storage
Best forms
Fresh gel straight from the leaf, or a stabilized commercial gel or juice for convenience

Traditional preparations

Featured preparation

Fresh Aloe Gel for Skin

The classic, time-honored use of aloe, applied straight from the leaf to soothe sun-warmed or minor irritated skin.

How it's made. Slice a fresh leaf lengthwise and scoop out about a tablespoon of the clear inner gel. Rub it gently over the affected area of skin and let it air dry. Traditionally reapplied two to three times a day as needed.

Secondary preparation

Diluted Aloe Juice Tonic

A mild traditional preparation used occasionally to support digestive comfort, made from the inner gel rather than the outer leaf rind or latex layer.

How it's made. Blend 1 to 2 tablespoons of fresh, rind-free inner gel with a full glass of water or juice. Traditionally taken no more than once daily, and not for extended stretches of time.

Pairs well with
  • Calendula
  • Lavender
  • Chamomile
Substitutes
  • Calendula
  • Slippery Elm
Choose it when

When your skin needs a cool, green kind of comfort.

Did you know?

Legend holds that Alexander the Great was advised by Aristotle to capture the island of Socotra specifically for its abundant aloe fields, so his army would have a ready supply to treat wounded soldiers.

Safety

Aloe latex, the bitter yellow sap beneath the leaf's rind, is a strong laxative and should not be used regularly or in large amounts; stick to gel free of rind and latex. Avoid internal use during pregnancy and breastfeeding, and use caution if you take diabetes or diuretic medication, since aloe can amplify their effects. Topical gel suits most people but should not go on deep or infected wounds.